TERM
PAPER
On
THE
STRESS OF CARING
Submitted To:
Professor Dr. M. Mahmodul
Hasan
School of Business, AUST
MBA-610: Organizational Behavior
Submitted By:
KUNG FU PANDA
Submission Date: 27.02.2017
LETTER
OF TRANSMITTAL
Date:
27.02.2017
Professor Dr. M. Mahmodul Hasan
Ahsanullah University of Science & Technology
Department of School of Business
Subject: Submission of Term paper.
Dear Sir,
I am pleased to submit the term paper as a partial
fulfillment of MBA program. I try my best to present this term paper on “The
Stress of Caring” according to your guideline. I tried my best to work
sincerely to cover all aspects regarding the matter. Practical exposure is very
essential for orientation with the real world-working arena. I have learned a
sound knowledge and understand on the basic operation of the “The Stress of
Caring”. Through I faced some limitations to prepare the report due to scarcity
of organized data, time limitation and little knowledge about Marketing Sector,
I have thoroughly enjoyed in preparing this assignment which has contributed
significantly to my understanding on the essentials and importance practical
knowledge.
However, if any clarification, suggestions,
directions or recommendations for further improvement of the report, I will be
obligate to provide with further explanation. I sincerely hope that you will
appreciate our effort.
Sincerely yours
No.
|
Name
|
ID
|
Signature
|
1
|
Tanzina Rahman
|
15.01.51.033
|
|
2
|
Parvez Ahmed
|
15.01.51.032
|
|
3
|
Asim Mandal
|
15.01.51.013
|
|
4
|
Chad Sultana
|
14.02.51.030
|
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
At first, Thanks to Almighty for blessing to
completing the report within the schedule time. I’m indebted to a whole lot of
people for their kind recommendation, submission, direction, Co-operation and
their collaboration.
First & foremost, want to extend my deep sense
of gratitude to my supervisor Professor Dr. M. Mahmodul Hasan, Ahsanullah
University of Science & Technology, Department of school of Business for
his motivating inspiration, kind guidelines, valuable suggestions, & advice
during our Term paper period and to prepare this Term paper. Some book and web
addresses help us to prepare this term paper ;Books name writer name and web
addresses are include in the reference.
I would like to give thanks to all the honorable
teachers of the (Department of school of Business of AUST) for their valuable
supports, inspirations and proper advice during this study.
Executive
Summary
Nursing is perceived as a strenuous job history.
Although past research has documented that stress influences nurse’s health in
association with quality of life, the relation between stress and caring
behaviors remains relatively unexamined, especially in the present Greek
working environmental history where it is the first time that this specific
issue is being studied. The aim was clear and to investigate and explore the
correlation amidst occupational stress, caring behaviors and their quality of
life in association to health.
Contact with death patients & their families
that conflicts with supervisors and uncertainty about the Therapeutic effect
caused significantly higher stress among participants. A significant negative impact
correlation was observed amidst total stress and the four dimensions of OB.
There are Certain stress factors were significant and independent predictors of
each OB dimension. And Conflicts with co-workers that was revealed as an
independent predicting factor for affirmation of human presence, professional
knowledge and skills and patient respectfulness dimensions, conflicts with
doctors for respect for patient, while conflict with supervisors and
uncertainty concerning treatment dimensions were an independent predictor for
positive connectedness. Finally, discrimination stress caring factor was
revealed as an independent predictors of quality of life that almost related to
physical health, while stress resulting from conflicts with supervisors was independently associated with mental
health.
Occupational stress caring affects nurses that is health-related quality
of life negatively, while it can also be considered as an influence on patient
outcomes.
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
TITLE NAME
|
PAGE NO.
|
Organization
Behavior Definition
|
|
Four Models:
1. A Basic OB
Model
2.
The Structure of Mood
3.The
Job Characteristics Model
4.
A Team Effectiveness Model
|
|
Chapter 1
|
|
Question 1: What do the
data on employee’s injuries, incidents, absences, and turnover suggest to do?
Is there reason for concern about the company’s direction?
|
|
·
1.1 Analysis
|
|
·
1.2 Three model
|
|
Chapter 2
|
|
Question
2: The company is
going to be making some significant changes based on the AI process, and most
change efforts are associated with resistance. What are the most common forms
of resistance, and which would you expect to see at Parkway?
|
|
·
2.1 Analysis
|
|
·
2.2 Three model
|
|
Chapter 3
|
|
Question 3: Given the board of directors’ desire
to reenergize the workforce, what advice would you provide for creating a
leadership strategy? What leader behaviors should nursing home directors and
nurse supervisors demonstrate?
|
|
·
3.1 Analysis
|
|
·
3.2 Three model
|
|
Chapter 4:
|
|
Question
4:
What are the major sources of job stress at parkway? What does the research
on employee stress suggest you should do to help minimize the experience of
psychological strain for employees? Create a plan for how to reduce stress
among employees.
|
|
·
4.1 Analysis
|
|
·
4.2 Three model
|
|
Chapter 5
|
|
Question
5: Based on the
information collected in the focus groups, design a survey to hand out to
employees. What sort of data should the survey gather? What types of data
analysis methods would you like to employ for these data?
|
|
·
5.1 Analysis
|
|
·
5.2 Three model
|
|
Chapter 6
|
|
Recommendation
|
|
Conclusion
|
|
References
|
|
Appendix:-
|
ORGANAIZATIONAL
BEHAVIOR
Organizational behavior (ob) is a field of study
that investigates the impact that individuals, groups, and structure have on
behavior within organizations for the purpose of applying such knowledge toward
improving an organization’s effectiveness.
Organizational behavior (ob) is the study of the way
people interact within groups. Normally this study is applied in an attempt to
create more efficient business organizations. The central idea of study of
organizational behavior is that a scientific approach can be applied to the
management of workers. Organizational behavior theories are used for human
resource purposes to maximize the output from individual group members.
The application of theory and knowledge from the
field of organization behavior can be broken down into sections of personality,
job satisfaction and reward management, leadership, authority, power and
politics. There is rarely one correct way to assess the right to manage any of
these things, but ob research can provide a set of guidelines and topics to
follow:
1. Personality, essentially a series patterned behavior,
plays a large role in the way a person interacts with groups and produces work.
Knowing a person’s personality, either through a series of tests or through
conversation can give a better idea of whether they‘re a fit for the
environment they’d be hired into, and how best to motivate that person.
2. Theories around job satisfaction vary widely, but
some argue that a satisfying job consists of a solid reward system, compelling work,
good supervisors. And satisfactory working conditions.
3. Leadership, what it looks like and where it is
derived from is a rich topic of debate and study within the field of
organizational behavior. When one views it connected to management, it can be broad,
focused, centralized or de-centralized, decision-oriented, intrinsic in a
person’s personality or a result of a place of authority.
4. Power, authority and politics all operate
inter-dependently in a workplace. Understanding the appropriate ways as agreed
upon by a workplace rules and general ethical guidelines, in which these
elements are exhibited and used are key components to running a cohesive
business.
A
Basic OB Model
The
Structure of Mood
The
Job Characteristics Model
A
Team Effectiveness Model
Chapter 1
What
do the data on employee’s injuries, incidents, absences, and turnover suggest
to do? Is there reason for concern about the company’s direction?
1.1 Analysis
Data provides the
proper view in a form of the statistic of problem faced by the parkway nursing
care. The figure shows that the fluctuation on every category has been increased
year on year. Numbers of patients increase since the year 2000till 2016. As
numbers of patients thus rate of an incidents per one patient increases. As in
incidents per one patient increase, injuries per one staff member also
increases. Incremental number of injuries per one staff member has led to an
increase of a certified absence per one staff.
Company direction has been to make sure that
it keeps good position and should continue for expanding rapidly. There have
been reasons of concern about direction of the company depending on increasing
of figures on the injuries per one staff member, the incident per one patient
and the absences staff. It may incur the higher cost and much staff is being
stressed. But company must emphasis on their staff and the patients.
1.2 Model
Chapter-2
The
company is going to be making some significant changes based on the AI process,
and most change efforts are associated with resistance. What are the most
common forms of resistance, and which would you expect to see at Parkway?
Analysis
2.1
‘Resistance towards change’s may be
termed as the emotional and the behavioral response towards the real and the imagined
threat to the established work routines.3 factors which lead to the resistance
have been the recipient characteristic, the change agent characteristic &
also the change agent recipient relationships. Most commonly the forms of
resistance have been related with the
characteristic of the recipient in its previous success.
As per the case provided, conflict in
between younger caregivers & the order care gives has been about methods of
keeping documents of the patients. It shows that older care gives have been
resisted & not fully ready for changing the method of keeping patients
document.
Other obstacle for the amendment which
may be seen at the Parkway Nursing Care has been company failure to the
legitimize change. It is the problem which arises when there have been the
staffs which are not satisfied with HR management.
Agent-recipients relationship is also
been one of hurdles for a change. Basically people who have been positive and trusting
with the others are much easily adopting changes in a job environment.
2.2
Model
Chapter 3
Given
the board of directors’ desire to reenergize the workforce, what advice would
you provide for creating a leadership strategy? What leader behaviors should
nursing home directors and nurse supervisors demonstrate?
Analysis
3.1
There has been always some
leadership strategy which may be used for re-energize workforce and they are:
·
Participative Theory has been the idle leadership
style which takes in consideration input of their associates.
·
Situational Theories also propose that the
leders must choose best course of an action depending on the situational
variables.
·
Contingency Theory is focused on the
environment variables & it may determine which type off leadership has been
suitable for the specific situation
·
Management theories provide much
importance to role of an organization, the supervision and much importantly
group performances.
·
Transformational theories also focus on
connections which have been formed in between the followers and the leader.
Best leadership
strategies which we advise the parkway for using is the situational theory.
Nursing home directors and the nurse supervisors must be the telling leader.
In the selling and the coaching leadership behavior,
nursing home director and the nurse supervisors are still having prerogatives
while making decisions however in such a set up communication process has been
no longer single sided. Next behavioral process in the situational leadership
has been the participating and the supporting. Nursing home directors and the
nurse supervisors have been still is involved in a decision making process
however the delegation of tasks and the processes has been totally given to
employees for making the decision and monitoring progress of the task.
3.2
Model
Chapter 4
What are the major sources of job
stress at parkway? What does the research on employee stress suggest you should
do to help minimize the experience of psychological strain for employees?
Create a plan for how to reduce stress among employees.
4.1
Analysis
Main sources of the job
stress at a parkway as the organization facing the big and huge change, parkway
has remained committed for providing the dignity and the health to each
resident in their facilities. Board of the directors are willing of seeing the renewed commitment
for firm’s mission and the core value has not of their culture.
For helping & minimizing experiences of
the psychological strain to the employees, company must create the change and
re-energize their sense of mission which has been the appreciative inquiry. The
appreciative inquiry of procedures collect the employee inputs and then for
creating the change message which everybody may support.
There have been various kind of steps for
reducing the stress in between the employees.1st best way has been
to produce the nice and the comfortable work environment. After that employers
must allow employee for making the decision of how to improve its work performance.
3rd if there had been the lot of sound on workplace then we must
make sure that employer may create the quiet room for employees for having the
break. When most employees achieve their goals, the employer may choose best
furniture provided on market and best tools. After this, make sure the
employees must meet and create the work relationships. Lastly create the gym a
firm as employer may reduce the employee stress easily.
4.2
Model
Chapter 5
Based on the information collected
in the focus groups, design a survey to hand out to employees. What sort of
data should the survey gather? What types of data analysis methods would you
like to employ for these data?
5.1
Analysis
Most Data are usually
collected through qualitative and quantitative methods. Both methods are
essential and have their strengths and weaknesses. Qualitative approaches are very good for further exploring the effects
and unintended consequences of a program. nevertheless, expensive and time consuming to implement.
Additionally the findings cannot be generalized to participants outside of the
program and are only indicative of the group involved.
Quantities approaches that have the advantage
that they are cheaper to implement, are standardized so comparisons can be
easily made and the size of the effect can usually be measured. Quantitative
approaches besides are limited in their capacity for the investigation and
explanation of similarities and unexpected differences. It is important to note
that for peer- based programs quantitative data collection approaches often
prove to be difficult to implement for agencies as lack of experienced low
participation and loss to follow updates are commonly experienced factors.
5.2
Model
Chapter 6
Recommendation and Conclusion
6.1
Recommendation
Based on the findings
of this research history, the author recommends that:
1. Healthcare
institutions & management must as a matter
of urgency, adapt stress evaluation and coping models specific for their units.
This will help in assessing nurses’ stress at work and the best and most
effective way of managing it in order to promote healthy working environment.
2. Nurses should develop
their personal strategies that are specific to their nature of stress through
constant education and research.
3. For the most
effective stress caring management, there should be collaboration between the
nurses’ managers and the nurses through effective communication and education.
More research must be done on specific stressors and their
pathogenesis to be able to develop individual stressor management or possible
treatment of stress.
According to the
findings of our case study that the author has mentioned in chapter six, some
suggestions would be made in this chapter. These suggestions would focus on
three main areas: to improve the caregivers' ability to manage problems, to
increase their informal support and suggestions for further research were also
presented.
The application of
intervention must followed was designed
to improve caregivers' ability to manage their problems and increase their
social support. The objectives were to decrease stress of caregivers and
promote their own health and well-being so that the caregivers could maintain
the demented elderly at home as long as possible.
More research could be
done on the specific stressors and their pathogenesis to be able to develop
individual stressor management or possible treatment of stress.
6.2
conclusions
In our case study, the primary objectives
were to investigate the stress caring experienced, the use of coping strategies, the social support of
the family caregivers and how the coping strategies and informal social support
moderate the relationship between stress & psychological well-being of
caregivers of senile dementia.
The findings also showed
that both of the coping strategies and informal social support tangible
performed their buffering effect in psychological health of caregivers
especially under high level of stress. Therefore, it was essential for us to
promote “a caring community, as soon as possible.
In our study, the
author focused at the buffering effects of coping strategies and it infernal
social support (tangible) on psychological health of caregivers. For the coping
strategies, findings of hypothesis 2 indicated that 58 there was a positive
relationship between the usage of problem-focused coping and the psychological
health of caregivers. Besides it
was better for us to help caregivers to strengthen their ability to solve their
problems.
Most of the problems were due to misleading
information such as caregivers did not
understand the disease and did not know what to do and how to respond to the
changes in their relatives. The intervention must then focus on identifying the
immediate cause of stress in the care givers situation and developing an
intervention to alleviate the stress. Also Providing information was very
important to them. Accurate information help alleviate the sense of crisis
brought on by the family's fear about the disease and behavior problems of the
elderly. Sometimes caregivers
overreacted to the demented elderly because of their frustration. The case study
also indicated that caregivers became upset because of the accumulation of
stress rather than by a particular problem The solution for the caregivers was
to learn to solve the problems when stress was building up and to develop plans
to reduce it The possible ways of managing stress included doing relaxation
exercise and asking someone to stay with the elderly and going out.
In conclusion, of a
combination of physical factors, administrative and organizational malfunction,
psychological factors and interpersonal conflict are the major sources of
stress for nurses working in hospitals. These important factors work in
isolation and in combination with other factors to cause graded level of stress
for nurses. The effect of the stress on the nurses in dependent on the nurses’
individual traits & other environmental factors. The combination of
personal coping skills, effective organizational plans and social support is
the best effective way managing and /or coping with stress in nurse.
References
Book:
1.
P.Robbins Stephen, A.Jugde Timothy,
Vohra Neharika ; Organizational Behavior
2.
Anbazhagan, Rajan,L.J.S ;A Conceptual
framework of occupational stress and coping strategies.
3.
Blackstone.A ; principles of
Sociological Inquiry: Qualitative and Quatitative Methods.
4.
Hanna, T.Mona ; Psychosocial work
environment , stress factors and individual characteristics amon nursing staff
in psychiatric in-patient care.
Web
Address:
1.
http://www.saylor.org/books
2. http://Business/Parkway-Nursing-case
-solution/html
3.
http://www.theseus.fi//thesis.handle.com
4.
http://stress-and-seniors.html/stress-and the elderly
5.
www.organizational-behavior-16th-editional.chapter-a.co-problem.com
6.https:bmcnurs.biomedcentral.com
